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Animal Madness:  How Anxious Dogs, Compulsive Parrots, and Elephants in Recovery Help Us Understand Ourselves

1/20/2020

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Animal Madness: How Anxious Dogs, Compulsive Parrots, and Elephants in Recovery Help Us Understand Ourselves
Author: Laurel Braitman, PhD
ISBN:  13: 978-1451627008

APA Style Citation
Braitman, L. (2014). Animal madness: How anxious dogs, compulsive parrots, and elephants in recovery help us understand ourselves. New York: Simon and Schuster.
​
Buy This Book
​www.amazon.com/Animal-Madness-Inside-Their-Minds/dp/1451627017
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Book Description 
Current debate surrounding animal cognition, emotion, and intelligence is flourishing. The debate has progressed from “Are animals conscious, and can they possess emotions?” to “To what degree are animals conscious?” and “What type of emotions do animals have and why?” Author Laurel Braitman takes the reader through multiple cases that examine the emotional side of animal’s lives. The book follows Braitman’s personal struggle to help her own Bernese Mountain Dog (Oliver) overcome severe anxiety. The book involves the exploration of mental illness in other animals as well and investigates how mental illness in animals can help lead to a better understanding of mental illness in humans. Dr. Braitman combines research studies and anecdotes from various fields to investigate the similarities between animals and humans when their behaviors become abnormal.

The text moves from case study to case study involving animals that show symptoms of mental illness. Dr. Braitman traveled the world, documenting examples that provide support for the abnormal emotional behaviors animals express. To name a few, she found examples of anxious and depressed gorillas; compulsive horses, rats, donkeys, polar bears, and seals; obsessive parrots; self-harming dolphins and whales; hounds and horses suffering from heartbreak; dogs with Alzheimer’s disease; rodents with trichotillomania; aggressive elephants, and chimps; and elephants, and dogs suffering from PTSD. As the various cases unfold, the author also ties in personal experiences, current research, and famous figures and studies from the field of psychology. Animal Madness also investigates the use of psychopharmacology to help treat mental illness in the animal population. The wide-ranging compilation of stories leaves readers wondering if and how humans may contribute to animal mental illness and how mental illness in animals can help us to better understand human disorders. Animal Madness is a must read for animal lovers and those with a desire to learn more about the similarity between humans and animals!

Other Related Resources
Author Laurel Braitman’s website. 
The author has an MIT PhD and has written a variety of publications. She is a TED Fellow and an affiliate artist at the Headlands Center for the Arts.
http://authors.simonandschuster.com/Laurel-Braitman

Book website
http://animalmadness.com/

Book trailer video
This video includes and interview with the author highlights many of the fascinating case studies in the book.  This clip would make an interesting class discussion starter.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8G3c2p8WEu4

Author Laurel Braitman’s Facebook page
https://www.facebook.com/nooneiscrazyalone

Author Laurel Braitman’s Twitter feed
https://twitter.com/LaurelBraitman
Article and video of Dr. Panksepp’s research regarding rat laughter.  Panksepp's work focuses on “the possibility that our most commonly used animal subjects, laboratory rodents, may have social-joy type experiences during their playful activities and that an important communicative-affective component of that process, which invigorates social engagement, is a primordial form of laughter.” 
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/06/26/rats-study-animals-laugh-tickled-video_n_1627632.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M_oKQ9Dzitc

NPR interview
The link below is to an NPR interview author Laural Braitman gave with Don Gonyea about mental illness and her book Animal Madness.  Laurel Braitman's new book was born out of a near-tragedy: her frantic dog almost leaped to its death from a third-story window.
http://www.npr.org/2014/06/29/326669388/author-plumbs-the-human-psyche-through-animal-madness

Psychological Figures and Concepts:  
John Bowlby
Charles Darwin
Rene Descartes
Paul Ekman (basic human emotions)
Sigmund Freud (the case study of Anna O.)
Temple Grandin
Harry Harlow
Joseph LeDoux
Konrad Lorenz
Ivan Pavlov
BF Skinner
Martin Seligman
Neuron parts and neurotransmitters
Brain parts (e.g. amygdala, hippocampus, lobes, limbic system, neocortex)
Blood brain barrier
Brain Imaging (MRI)
Developmental issues (e.g. critical periods, self-concept, mirror test, feral children temperament)
Learning/Behaviorism (learned helplessness, rewards and superstitious behaviors, observational learning, behavior therapy, systematic desensitization)
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Behind the Shock Machine

1/12/2020

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​Behind the Shock Machine:  The Untold Story of the Notorious Milgram Psychology Experiments
ISBN: 978-1921844553
 
APA Style Citation:
Perry, G. (2012). Behind the shock machine: The untold story of the notorious Milgram psychology experiments. Brunswick, Vic: Scribe Publications.
Buy This Book
www.amazon.com/Behind-Shock-Machine-psychology-experiments-ebook/dp/B007NOI2YC


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​Book Description
This book will change many notions you have regarding what happened in the now infamous Milgram shock experiment at Yale University in the 1960s. Australian writer Gina Perry ventures to Yale to examine the original transcripts from Milgram’s work. Much has been written regarding the debriefing and reuniting of the teacher and learner before the departure of the teacher from the lab. Perry argues that perhaps as many as two-thirds of participants left the lab, never knowing that they did not harm the learner. Some of the nearly 3,000 participants in the study may not have learned about the results until almost three years after their participation in the study, while other participants were tested. It seems that Milgram was worried about word of the study getting around the relatively small town of New Haven before he concluded his work. He believed the debriefing had the potential to confound the results of the research, and from his perspective was enough of a reason to deny debriefing directly after the experiment ended. Perry interviewed a number of the former participants, many of whom still have particularly bad feelings and recollections about the study. One past participant explains calling all of the local hospitals after participating, believing that he had harmed someone so severely that they must have checked into a nearby hospital. Another describes sitting in his car for an hour after he left the lab, pondering what he had just done and feeling terrible. The wife of one participant describes her despondent husband, who had trouble sleeping for an extended period after the study.  
These first-hand descriptions are a far cry from the description Milgram provided of participants stating they were glad they participated in the study. The experimenter (a high school science teacher) was provided with four prompts to encourage participants to continue with the shocks. If the participants still refused to continue after all four prompts were exhausted, he was instructed to stop the study and allow the participant to leave. As the experiments continued over multiple years, Perry cites instances in which the experimenter went through eight attempts to urge the participants to continue. This likely had the effect of creating higher participation rates, which Milgram then published.  
Milgram described defiant participants as “bad” and complying participants as “good” in his notes, which, according to Perry, demonstrates a strong confirmation bias. Perry argues that Milgram knew the result he wanted and expected far ahead of the “live” study. Milgram ran several “practice trials” before the experiment went live, which produced nearly the same result. Also, Perry addresses Milgram’s argument that the events surrounding WWII had inspired this work. In her research, she did not find any references to this until after the study’s conclusion when Milgram gained popularity for the study.  
While this is a harsh assessment of Milgram’s infamous study, it is a revealing snapshot of what occurred behind the scenes of the famous study, and the personal reflections of the participants alone make this a compelling read.
 
 
Other Related Resources
Podcast with Gina Perry
http://www.wnyc.org/story/313564-untold-story-notorious-milgram-psychology-experiments/
 
Psychological Figures and Concepts
Solomon Asch
Diana Baumrind
Stanley Milgram and obedience to authority
 
 
 
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    Authors

    Laura Brandt, Nancy Fenton, and Jessica Flitter are AP Psychology instructors. Nancy Fenton teaches at  Adlai E. Stevenson High School in Lincolnshire, Illinois, Laura Brandt teaches at Libertyville High School in Libertyville Illinois and Jessica Flitter teachers at West Bend East High School in West Bend, Wisconsin.
    If you are interested in reviewing a book for the blog or have comments or questions, please e-mail us at either [email protected] or [email protected] or [email protected].

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